Hygiena, 2008 (vol. 53), issue 3

EDITORIAL

Editorial to the monothematic issue about water

František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):75  

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Outbreaks Associated with Recreational Water in the United States, 1995-2004

Gunther F. Craun, Timothy J. Wade

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):76-83  

In this article, we review the causes of 212 recreational waterborne outbreaks and 17,975 cases of illness reported in U.S.A. during 1995-2004. Gastroenteritis was the most frequently (91%) reported illness. Conditions or symptoms related to the skin, ears, or eyes occurred less frequently (6%). Also reported were cases of leptospirosis, acute respiratory illness, meningitis, and primary amebic meningoencephalitis. A bacterial or protozoan etiology was identified in most (71%) outbreaks; 8% of the outbreaks were viral in origin. An etiology was not confirmed for 17% of the outbreaks. Cryptosporidium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosoa, norovirus, and chemicals...

REVIEW PAPERS

Health and Hygiene Risks in Swimming Pools and their Surroundings

Hana Jeligová, Jaroslav Šašek, František Kožíšek, Markéta Chlupáčová

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):84-92  

The article presents an overview of potential public health risks associated with use of artificial bathing sites. It deals not only with microbiological and chemical risks or those related to water-temperature, but also addresses other risk factors including the different routes by which water and the surroundings of swimming pools are polluted. Possible approaches to minimizing risk by preventive and remedial measures are indicated.

Risks of Allergic Diseases Associated with Chlorinated Pool Attendance

Catherine Voisin, Antonia Sardella, Alfred Bernard

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):93-101  

Human exposure to chlorination products has considerably increased during the 20th century especially after the 1950s with the development of public and leisure pools and other water recreational areas. When attending these aquatic environments, the populations of industrialized countries have been increasingly exposed to powerful chlorine-based oxidants, either through direct contact with chlorinated water or by inhaling them in the form of gases (trichloramine and chlorine gas) or of aerosols (hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid and chloramines). The existence of respiratory and allergic problems in competitive swimmers training in the chlorine-laden...

Health and Hygiene Risks Caused by Natural Bathing Water

Petr Pumann, Markéta Chlupáčová, František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):102-107  

The article presents a review of potential public health risks linked with bathing in natural water pools. It primarily deals with pathogenic organisms, cyanobacteria and cerkaria dermatitis, and concludes with basic remedial measures.

Diseases and Epidemics Associated with Recreational Bathing in the Czech Republic

František Kožíšek, Petr Pumann, Eva Javoříková, Pavla Procházková

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):108-109  

Over the years 1995-2005 there has been reported only a single epidemic which involved recreational water in its transmission. In question was a pseudomonad dermatitis in a whirlpool. Brought up is also the question of other diseases that in connection with bathing have a higher incidence locally or in time (e.g. molluscum contagiosum or cercarial dermatitis) which, however, due to that they are not subject to mandatory reporting, offer no clear picture of their occurrence.

Recreational Waters and their Legislation

Jiří Kolář, Jana Ratajová, František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):110-111  

Described is the development of public health legislation and requirements concerning recreational water in the Czech Republic since the initial documents represented by the Act on Public Health and Anti-epidemic Care in 1952 and the Directive on Public Health and Anti-epidemic Care Concerning Bathing and Swimming Pools and Baths in 1954, up to now. Mentioned are the harmonization with EU legislation and the system of informing the public about water quality.

Recreational Bathing and the Risk of Accidents and Drowning

Jan Kaufman

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):112-113  

Presented are the most frequent risks connected with bathing in nature and in swimming pools, attention being focused on accidents and drowning. Mentioned are measures ensuring the safety of bathers.

NEWS

Swimming Pool & Sauna Journal

Redakce

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):92  

Central European Journal of Public Health, Supplementum, Vol. 16, April 2008

Redakce

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):101  

Swimming Pool and Sauna Association, Czech Republic - SPSA, CR

Jiří Kouba

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):107  

Journal of Health in the Czech Republic, No. 1, 2008

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):109  

Central European Journal of Public Health, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2008

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):113  

WHO Publications on Water Available to the Public

Petr Pumann

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):114  

Sixty Years since the Founding of the World Health Organization

Redakce

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):115  

List of Peer-reviewed Non-ISI Journals published in the Czech Republic

Redakce

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):116  

Genetic factors affecting lipid levels

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):116  

Malnutrition in old age

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2008, 53(3):116