Hygiena, 2015 (vol. 60), issue 3

EDITORIAL

The 90th Foundation Anniversary of the National Institute of Public Health

Jitka Sosnovcová

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):91  

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Cross-Sectional Study of Body Posture in Roma and Non-Roma Children at Primary School Age

Kvetoslava Rimárová, Jana Diabelková, Marta Hamráková

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):92-96 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1383  

Current data about body posture of Roma pupils in Slovakia are very scarce and limited, therefore, our concern was to evaluate and compare the incidence of incorrect body posture of Roma and non-Roma schoolchildren. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Košice in a sample of school children (265 Roma and 286 non-Roma children) aged 6-10 years, between period 2008-2011. Posture was assessed by Matthias test and the test of Jaros, Lomníček. The children were divided into two groups: non-Roma and Roma group of children. The results of our comparison confirmed that the Roma group of boys and girls has better quality of the postural system than non-Roma...

Levels of Metabolites of Phthalates, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Bisphenol A in Urine of Czech Students (Pilot Study)

Anna Pinkr Grafnetterová, Karel Vrbík, Marek Malý, Jana Pavloušková, Andrea Krsková, Anna Drgáčová, Vítězslav Jiřík, Sylva Rödlová, Milena Černá

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):97-101 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1368  

The main target of human biomonitoring is monitoring of exposure and effects of substances used in industry and determination of their concentrations in the human body. In this pilot study the metabolite levels of phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and bisphenol A were determined in urine. Their association with possible exposure sources was analyzed. The study comprised 95 adults (44 males and 51 females) aged 20 and 29 years from Prague and Ostrava. The analytes in urine samples were determined by liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS). Metabolite levels did not exceed limit values for...

Prevalence of Smoking in Medical Students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava

Jana Povová, Andrea Dalecká, Hana Tomášková, Kateřina Vařechová, Vladimír Janout

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):102-106 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1354  

The paper deals with smoking among doctors and medical personnel and the opinions of medical students regarding this problem in terms of their future intervention as doctors in helping their patients to stop smoking. A questionnaire survey among 255 medical students in the 1st to 4th years of study was performed at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava using the standardised to GHPSS international study questionnaire. Consumption of cigarettes water pipes, cigars and snuff was evaluated, as well as opinions on current anti smoking policy and the specific role of doctors in prevention of smoking. Results showed that 25% of students are smokers...

REVIEW PAPERS

Famous Founders of the National Institute of Public Health in Prague, CR

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):107-111 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1395  

The National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic, was inaugurated 90 years ago on November 5th, 1925. The article remembers the eminent personalities of the specialists who were instrumental in the foundation and development of the institute in its formative years. Ladislav Procházka formulated the initial concepts of a centralised institute of public health and prevention of disease and as minister of health played a significant role in its realization. Alice Masaryková, daughter of T. G. Masaryk, the first president of Czechoslovakia, negotiated professional and financial assistance from the Rockefeller Foundation. Selskar Gunn,...

Problems of Addictive Drug Abuse in Pregnancy

Lidmila Hamplová, Simona Sedláčková, Zdeněk Veselý

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):112-115 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1402  

In the Czech Republic there is a consistent slight increase of using illegal habit-forming substances especially among the young population, but abuse passes from former teenagers to the age of current parents. This phenomenon brings with it an increasing number of women who use addictive substances in pregnancy. Assistance in solving health and social problems associated with substance abuse for pregnant women and using mothers offers the specialized institution, Centre for the Family - Drop In, o. p. s., which cooperates with the Public Health (Hygienic) Service and academic sphere in the long term. In the years 2004-2014 there was in care of the...

Health Status of the Roma Population in Slovakia

Mária Šupínová, Ladislav Hegyi, Cyril Klement

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):116-119 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1334  

In the present study, the authors provide an overview of the health problems of the Roma population in Slovakia together with influencing factors and analyse factors. The demographic development of the Roma in conjunction with reproductive population health. The authors also present an analysis of the health of the Roma based on the partial results of surveys and self-assessed health status. The article briefly charts the area that is most outstanding in health problems of the Roma ethnic group in Slovakia. It informs the reader about the known causes of this condition. The authors see improvement in the health situation through a transcultural approach...

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Legal Actualities during 1.5.2015 - 31.7.2015

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):120-121 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1408  

DISCUSSION

Chlorates in Drinking Water: an Overlooked Risk

František Kožíšek

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):122-123 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1406  

Chlorate is not included in the group of parameters for routine monitoring of drinking water quality. That is why it is neglected by both water producers and the authorities. However, this disinfection by-product may under certain conditions occur in drinking water in high concentrations exceeding the probable limit value as has been shown in a survey of hundreds of samples of drinking water in one Czech region. High concentrations were found primarily in small water supplies and the most probable source of contamination is sodium hypochlorite used for disinfection, which is either old or stored under unsuitable conditions.

Comments on the Contribution of Prof. Kotulán on the Effectivity of Czech National Health Programmes

František Kotěšovec

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):124-126 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1413  

The author agrees with the opinions of Professor Kotulán apropos the pitfalls of the upcoming Health 2020 programme, as published in Hygiena no. 2/2015. He points out further related aspects, in particular the fact that there are very few old-school physicians active in the public health service which as such is to be a major contributor to the realisation of the programme. The commentary mentions the main specializations of doctors in public health, discusses experiences with prevention of smoking and other risk factors and emphasizes the importance of preventive activity based on specific local conditions.

NEWS

Exposure of US Population to Nitrosamines from Tobacco Products

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):106  

The Old Testament on Infection and Quarantine

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):111  

Global Life Expectancy in 2012

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):115  

Health and Safety in UK Hairdressing Salons

Redakce

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):119  

Traffic-related Airborne Pollution Increases Risk of Developing Breast Cancer

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):121  

Physical Fitness Affect Academic Achievement in Schoolchildren

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):123  

The Genetic Background to Decreased Noise Sensitivity

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):123  

The Involvement of Margaret Thatcher in the Tobacco Industry

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):127  

China is Aiming to Improve Health Inspection Standards

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):128  

Particulate Matter in Cigarette Smoke

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2015, 60(3):128