Hygiena, 2014 (vol. 59), issue 3

EDITORIAL

Occupational Health: Common Ground in the Fields of Occupational Medicine, Public Health and Epidemiology

Milan Tuček

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):95-96  

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Health 2020 - Achieving Health and Development in Today's Europe

Zsuzsanna Jakab, Agis D. Tsouros

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):97-103 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1310  

The 21st-century health landscape is shaped by growing global, regional and local interdependence and an increasingly complex array of interlinking factors that influence health and well-being. Most of today's major public health challenges, including noncommunicable diseases, antimicrobial resistance, health inequalities and the health effects of austerity measures in some countries, cannot be addressed effectively without intersectoral and coordinated action at supranational, national and local levels. The 53 countries of the WHO European Region developed and adopted a European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century (Health 2020) as a...

Selected Aspects of Sexual Behaviour and the Use of Contraceptive Methods among Students the Faculty of Education of Palacký University in Olomouc

Kateřina Kikalová, Miroslav Kopecký, Jitka Tomanová, Jiří Charamza

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):104-109 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1256  

While sexuality is an integral part of human behaviour, inappropriate sexual behaviour may threaten physical, psychological and social health. Young people are particularly vulnerable, and yet, in comparison with their parents, today's young generation has a completely different access to information. Using a questionnaire survey, the present study aimed at identifying the attitudes of college students to modern contraceptive methods, their preferences in the use of contraceptives, and the experience of young women with hormonal contraception. Additionally, it sought to define the main source of information regarding this area, the average age of first...

Analysis of Lifestyle of Medical Students: Is the Study Workload at the Medical Faculty Responsible for an Increase in Cardiovascular Risk Factors?

Monika Hanáková, Eliška Sovová, Jana Zapletalová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):110-115 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1261  

Aim: The study aimed at analyzing the lifestyle of medical students in dimensions I (risk behaviors - nutrition, sleep, body weight, smoking, stress), II (leisure time, studies) and III (sports and physical activities), and comparing individual parameters in first- and fifth-year students. Methods: 90 first-year students and 90 fifth-year students participated in the research, the average age of the respondents was 19 and 23 years. A questionnaire was used to obtain important anamnestic data. Results: There were significantly more students with BMI≤18.5 kg.m-2 in the first-year (14.4% vs. 2.2% in year 5, p=0.003)....

Noise Measurement of Various Types of Roads and Their Comparison by the Close Proximity Method in the Czech Republic

Vítězslav Křivánek, Rudolf Cholava, Karel Effenberger

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):116-122 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1293  

Nowadays, noise ranks among the most common pollutants of the environment and causes serious civilization-linked diseases. In the Czech Republic, relevant information on the noise level of individual road surfaces and their changes are currently largely unavailable. The present article deals with the measurement of road surfaces by Close ProXimity method (CPX) in accordance with the draft of standard ISO 11819-2. Therefore, individual aspects, which have different impacts on field measurement, are discussed in detail. Partial results obtained within a project of TAČR No. TA01030459 - "Change in the noise of road surfaces over several years of use"...

REVIEW PAPERS

Behaviour and Health IV. Influencing Health Behavioural Change

Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá, Pavel Řimák, Ondřej Sochor

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):123-130 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1229  

Chronic non-infectious diseases are a major health problem in the developed countries. Lifestyle plays an important role in their complex aetiology. Affecting the behaviour forming the lifestyle therefore has a strong preventive potential. Cognitive theories and behavioural models illustrate psychological factors participating in the behavioural change and enable to create effective preventive strategies that are consistent with the bio-psycho-social concept of health and disease. Behavioural interventions are used in both primary and secondary prevention, have effects on the individual and population levels, enhance the quality of life and reduce...

Epidemiology of Infection Caused by Clostridium difficile

Jana Štěpánová, Hana Tomášková

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):131-139 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1283  

Intestinal infection caused by Clostridium difficile (CDI) is one of the most common nosocomial infections. The disease most often affects the eldery, immunodeficient and polymorbid patients. The most important risk factors for the disease are use of antibiotics, hospitalization and patients who have had CDI in the past. Although a number of European countries have surveillance programmes on clostridial colitis, in the Czech Republic continuous monitoring data of individual cases of CDI are missing (reported are only epidemics), which is associated with the absence of valid information on the incidence and patterns of ribotypes and the possibility...

Health 2020 is a Good Strategy for Health

Jan Holčík

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):140-144 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1311  

Health 2020 provides a vision, a strategic path, a set of priorities and a range of suggestions to show what works, based on research and experience in many countries. Health care needs not only more financial resources, but a new strategic approach and new types of health governance and governance for health. Achieving better health outcomes in the European Region requires a significant strengthening of public health functions and capacity. Health literacy is a promising actionable concept that addresses the dynamic interactions in the area of health. Health 2020 is good health strategy for the 21st century.

REPORT FROM PRACTICE

"Let us Live Healthily" and "Week of Healthy Nutrition" in the City of Liberec

Blanka Ptáčková, Alena Riegerová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):145-146 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1303  

The article is a short information on health promotion campaigns held in October 2013 in the regional city Liberec (Czech Republic) under the auspices of Healthy Region Liberec. The campaigns were initiated by the working group for realization of the "Programme of long-term improving of health of people in the Liberec region". The "Week of health promotion" brought to light proper dental care, knowledge on tobacco hazards and quitting the habit, advised of individual physical activity, offered consultations on healthy lifestyle and proposals of healthy eating and a short examination of physical fitness. Visitors received some health education materials....

SHORT COMMUNICATIONS

Legal Actualities during 10.5.2014-15.7.2014

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):147 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1316  

DISCUSSION

Rejection of Vaccination and Health Literacy [Discussion Paper to the Article of Prof. Vladimír Bencko "Refusal of Vaccination and False Cards in Hands of Anti-vaccinators"]

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):148-150 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1304  

The author agrees with Prof. Bencko, that refusal of vaccination by some people represents a serious problem of public health. The author brings information about people's opinions on vaccination published in the Czech webpages and believes that the objections of some people against mandatory vaccination are partly caused by inadequate health literacy, consequences of it occur also in other segments of preventive health care. National Strategy of Health Protection and Promotion and Disease Prevention (Health 2020), approved by the Czech government in 2014 emphasized health literacy as one of its main directions. No doubt, support of vaccination will...

NEWS

The Thyroid Gland and Iodine

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):103  

Report on Population Health in the Czech Republic

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):103  

Noise Levels in Greek Schools

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):115  

Health and the Economic Crisis

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):122  

Physical Activity Decreases Mortality Rates

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):130  

The Issue of Malignant Tumours in the Czech Republic

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):139  

Vaccination against Smoking: Discussion Agenda. A Review of Scientific Journals, 2001-2013

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):144  

An Insight into the History of Occupational Medicine

Jaroslav Volf

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):150  

EHIS/EHES Inquiry (European Health Interview & Examination Survey) 2014

Růžena Kubínová

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):151  

90 Years Since the Birth of Professor Tichacek

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):151  

The Central European Journal of Public Health Has Been Assigned an Impact Factor

Milena Černá

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):152  

Biostatistics for Physicians - Principles of Essential Methods and Their Interpretation Using R Project Statistical Computing

Zdeněk Šmerhovský

Hygiena 2014, 59(3):152