Hygiena, 2014 (vol. 59), issue 2

Epidemiology

Pavla Křížová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):55  

Is Secondary Prevention of Dementia Failing?

Jan Lužný, Blanka Skopalová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):56-59 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1258  

Introduction: Dementia is a disease leading to memory impairment, cognitive decline, loss of self-sufficency and deterioration of functional status. Causal therapy of dementia does not exist, disease is progredient in time up to terminal phase with imobility, incontinentia, problems with nutrition and functional dependence on caregivers aid. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of dementia has crucial position. Methods: Observational study evaluating stage of dementia among patients admitted to psychogeriatric ward, Mental hospital in Kroměříž, has been designed. Admission diagnosis, severity of cognitive decline, time past between...

Different Perception of Obesity from Men and Women Perspective - a Pilot Study

Renata Švecová, Jana Langmajerová, Dana Müllerová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):60-63 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1241  

Sufficient motivation, right knowledge, and appropriate circumstances are the key players for healthy behaviour prone to prevent obesity and its' comorbidities from an individual's perspective. The aim of this cross-sectional pilot study was to detect the temporary state of obesity problems' perception in adult women and men. The Questionnaire - concerning perception of obesity, discrimination because of obesity, knowledge of obesity prevention and individual behaviour together with self-monitored data about body weight and body height - was developed and administered to a randomly selected sample of 276 adult women and men. The respondent rate was...

Standard Intake and Dietary Sources of Selenium in the Czech Population

Zlata Kapounová, Jitka Blahová, Marcela Dofková, Jiří Ruprich, Irena Řehůřková

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):64-70 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1255  

Selenium is an essential element and component of many enzymes in the human organism. Deficiency can affect the function of virtually all tissues. The main objective of this article is to present the distribution of usual selenium intake in the Czech population, to compare the obtained values with available dietary recommendations and to determine the most important dietary sources of selenium. For this purpose current analytical data (2010/2011) on the selenium content in foodstuffs from the project of Environmental health monitoring in the Czech Republic and data on food consumption originated from the national survey SISP 04 (Study of individual...

Hand Hygiene in Dental Practice: Current Situation

Eva Sedlatá Jurásková, Ivanka Matoušková

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):71-73 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1242  

Implementation and compliance with hand hygiene in health care is varied and depends on the specific practice in question. Generally, it is reported as being of poor standard. The authors quote current knowledge about compliance with policy guidelines "Hand hygiene in health care". Epidemiological investigation was carried out by a single anonymous questionnaire survey with 54 respondents. The most surprising finding was that two dentists in private practice failed to wash and disinfect their hands prior to and after use of disposable non-sterile gloves. We consider it highly positive that dentists in private dental surgeries used alcohol-based disinfectants...

Options for Use of Strategic Noise Mapping in Public Health

Dana Potužníková, Tomáš Hellmuth, Pavel Junek, Zdeněk Fiala

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):74-78 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1268  

To fulfill the requirements of the Directive of the European Parliament and Council 2002/49/EC on the assessment and management of environmental noise, referred to as END (Environmental Noise Directive) the second round of strategic noise mapping is currently being calculated in Member States. From the public health, engineering and project teams, who participated in the evaluation of the impact of construction work on the environment (EIA), there are questions of whether, how and where to use the results of the strategic noise mapping in practice. This paper introduces the possibilities of using strategic noise maps (SNM) and action plans (AP) in...

Behaviour and Health III. Psychosocial Factors, Lifestyle and Complex Diseases

Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá, Pavel Řimák, Ondřej Sochor

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):79-86 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1216  

Psychosocial factors significantly participate in the pathogenesis of complex diseases. Their effects correspond to the bio-psycho-social concept of health and disease on many levels. Brain functions, behaviour and immunity are closely linked and responsive to the environmental context. The effects of chronic psychosocial stress are described by the allostatic load model which highlights dynamic adjustment of biological processes and the importance of the brain for feedback regulation in adapting to the environment. The personality of an individual, his cognitive and emotional characteristics, quality of social relationships and socioeconomic factors...

Legal Actualities during 31.1.2014 - 9.5.2014

Eva Nekvindová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):87-88 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1297  

A Vaccination Refusal and the False Cards in Hands of Anti-vaccinators: a Serious Problem of Public Health

Vladimír Bencko

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):89-91 | DOI: 10.21101/hygiena.a1301  

Vaccination is one of the most important achievements in the field of prevention of infectious diseases, which in the 19th century were one of the most common causes of death in Europe and remain a major cause of mortality in the developing world, especially in the child population. Vaccination is one of the few activities in the area of disease prevention fulfilling all the conditions required by contemporary evidence based medicine and its refutal is to some extent a fashionable, albeit utterly undesirable phenomenon of postmodern society which emphasizes individual freedom in decision making without the necessary evaluation of individual duties...

The Czech Medical Chamber Has Supported Vaccination

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):70  

The Carbon Footprint of Behavioural Support Services for Smoking Cessation

Drahoslava Hrubá

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):73  

Influence of Mental Stress on Thrombocyte Activity

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):88  

Lifestyle and Cognitive Function

Jaroslav Kříž

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):88  

The Silesian Meeting of Preventive Medicine 2014

Renáta Brablcová

Hygiena 2014, 59(2):91-92