Cent Eur J Public Health 2017, 25(3):185-190 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4577

Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Coronary Syndrome - Clinically Relevant or Incidental Finding?

Marijana Knežević Praveček1, Željka Vuković-Arar2, Blaženka Miškić3, Irzal Hadžibegović1
1 Department of Cardiology, Dr. Josip Benčević General Hospital, School of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Josip Benčević General Hospital, School of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia
3 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. Josip Benčević General Hospital, School of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine serum concentration of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to assess the prognostic role of serum vitamin D level in ACS patients during 3-year follow up.

Methods: The study included 60 ACS patients hospitalized at cardiology department for ACS between March 2012 and October 2012, and 60 age- and sex-matched control patients without ACS. Standard laboratory testing and vitamin D determination were performed in all study patients. In addition, ACS patients underwent coronarography and were followed-up for 36 months of ACS for major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Results: Patients with ACS had a statistically significantly lower mean 25(OH)D level as compared with control group (35.19 nmol/L vs. 58.08 nmol/L, p < 0.001). The lowest mean level of 25(OH)D was recorded in diabetic patients with ACS (30.45 nmol/L). ACS patients were divided into three subgroups according to coronarography findings: single vessel, double vessel and triple vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) with respective serum levels of 25(OH)D of 36.44 nmol/L, 33.65 nmol/L and 31.70 nmol/L. During 36-month follow up, the event-free survival rate was 60% in the ACS group. The ACS patients having sustained MACE during follow up had low serum level of 25(OH)D in the acute phase; however, the difference from ACS patients without MACE during follow up did not reach statistical significance (32.64 nmol/L vs. 37.01 nmol/L).

Conclusions: Patients with ACS have low vitamin D level, which is lowest in diabetic patients with ACS. However, during 3-year follow up, vitamin D failed to prove useful as a prognostic biomarker in ACS patients.

Keywords: acute coronary syndrome, coronary angiography, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, diabetes, vitamin D deficiency

Received: September 30, 2015; Revised: July 25, 2016; Published: October 10, 2017  Show citation

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Knežević Praveček M, Vuković-Arar Ž, Miškić B, Hadžibegović I. Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Coronary Syndrome - Clinically Relevant or Incidental Finding? Cent Eur J Public Health. 2017;25(3):185-190. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4577. PubMed PMID: 29022676.
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