Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement)

Welcome Address

Ruth Tachezy

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S5  

Cervical Cancer and Its Prevention as a Political Issue

Milan Cabrnoch

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S6  

The History of Papillomavirus Research

Stina Syrjänen, Kari Syrjänen

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S7-S13  

Epidemiology of HPV Infection

Gary Clifford

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S14  

Geographical widespread data on human papillomavirus (HPV) type-distribution, in addition to that of cervical cancer incidence, are essential for estimating the impact of type-specific HPV vaccines on cervical cancer and cervical screening programmes.

HPV and Head and Neck Diseases

Jean-Louis Lefebvre

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S14-S15  

Spontaneously Induced Cellular Immunity to HPV-16/18 and the Therapeutic Vaccination of Patients with HPV-16/18 (Pre-)Malignant Lesions

Sjoerd H. van der Burg

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S16-S17  

HPV DNA Detection Assays for Cervical Screening

Peter J. F. Snijders, Daniëlle A. M. Heideman, Bart T. Hesselink, Johannes Berkhof, Chris J. L. M. Meijer

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S17-S18  

Various high-risk HPV (hr HPV) DNA assays have been developed that allow detection of a broad spectrum of HR HPVs. Two of these assays [Hybrid Capture 2 (hc2) and GP5+/6+-PCR] have shown in large clinical trials a superior clinical sensitivity for cervical (pre)cancer compared to cytology and an optimal balance between clinical sensitivity and pecificity. Comparative studies showed that an increased sensitivity for HR HPV relative to GP5+/6+-PCR and/or hc2 results in a dramatic decrease in clinical specificity, whereas on the other hand a decreased sensitivity for virus leads to a decrease in sensitivity for (pre)cancer. These data argue for guidelines...

International Quality Assurance of Human Papillomavirus Testing

Lena Dillner, Joakim Dillner

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S18-S20  

To contribute to improving quality of laboratory services for effective surveillance and monitoring of HPV vaccination impact, WHO has initiated a global HPV LabNet. The LabNet tasks are to facilitate implementation of standardized, state-of-the-art HPV laboratory methods by introducing international standards, proficiency testing reagents/methods, standard operating procedures and quality assurance (QA) programs in order to make results comparable across laboratories worldwide. The LabNet is also intended to form the basis for development of a global network for HPV surveillance by using standardized and harmonized laboratory methodologies in order...

Liquid Compared with Conventional Cervical Cytology: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Marc Arbyn, Christine Bergeron, Paul Klinkhamer, Pierre Martin-Hirsch, Albertus G. Siebers, Johan Bulten

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S20-S21  

Cervical Screening in England: Liquid-Based Cytology in the Context of Modernization of the NHS Cervical Screening Programme

Amanda Herbert

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S21-S24  

The article will briefly explain the processes of organized screening in the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCP). Quality control is well established and monitored by regional quality assurance reference centres. The final outcome of screening is also monitored by national cervical cancer mortality and incidence rates: data will be presented for rates of in situ and invasive cervical carcinoma before and after the introduction of organized screening. The NHSCSP is using the introduction of liquid-based cytology as a platform for modernization, which is planned to include high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) testing for low-grade cytology triage...

Alternative Screening Methods within the Organised Screening Programme for Cervical Cancer in Finland

Ahti Anttila

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S25-S26  

In Finland the organised screening programme to prevent cervical cancer has been in action since early 1960s. The programme has effectively reduced cervical cancer burden in our country. There are needs still to evaluate potential uses of novel technological alternatives within the programme. A large-scale randomised public health policy trial on primary sole HPV screening is ongoing. This enables random allocation of sophisticated screening tests, and also follow-up of cancer rates after screening episodes, in order to evaluate and plan for optimal screening policies (e.g., testing ages and intervals) in the future. Improving screening attendance...

The Beijing Cochrane Workshop on Cervical Cancer Prevention: Cytology Versus HPV-Based Cervical Cancer Screening

Marc Arbyn, Jack Cuzick

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S27-S28  

Cervical Cancer Screening in France

Christine Bergeron

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S28  

The Future of HPV Screening in Preventing Cervical Cancer

Chris J. L. M. Meijer

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S28-S30  

Cytology and DNA HPV-Testing in the Era of HPV-Vaccine

Marek Spaczyński

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S30-S31  

Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection is the main factor leading to the cervical cancer carcinogenesis. Wide-spread public vaccination against HPV as primary prevention is expected to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates. It is essential to bear in mind that screening for precancerous lesions cannot be discontinued because vaccination will not protect against HPV types not included in the first and second generation vaccines.

Cervical Cancer Screening in the Czech Republic

Ruth Tachezy, Eva Hamšíková, Jana Šmahelová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S31-S32  

Prospectives of Cervical Cancer Prevention in Croatia

Magdalena Grce, Ariana Znaor

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S33-S35  

The situation of cervical cancer prevention in Croatia is hardly well established, in spite of the fact that opportunistic screening is on going for some time and that cervical cancer is on the 8th place of female cancer. Each year, approximately 350 women develop cervical cancer and about 100 die from the disease. A matter of concern is the steady state of the mortality rate. Thus, appropriate cervical cancer prevention programmes should be set up without delay in Croatia.

Cervical Cancer Screening in Slovakia

Helena Hupková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S35-S36  

Cervical Cancer Screening in Slovenia

Maja P. Žakelj

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S36-S37  

Less Radical Fertility Sparing Surgery than Radical Trachelectomy in Early Cervical Cancer

Marek Pluta, Lukáš Rob, Martin Charvát, Helena Robová, Pavel Strnad, Martin Hrehorčák, Michael J. Halaška, Petr Škapa

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S37  

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of a novel and less radical fertility preserving surgery; laparoscopic lymphadenectomy with sentinel lymph node identification (SLNI) followed by large cone or simple trachelectomy. Obstetrical and oncological outcomes were evaluated.

Management Guidelines for the Treatment of Cervical Precancerous Lesions

Charles Redman

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S38-S39  

Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Children Age

Kateřina Lehovcová, Milena Marková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S39-S40  

The Role of HPV as a Risk and a Prognostic Factor in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Jan Klozar, Michal Zábrodský, Eliška Mudrová, Ruth Tachezy, Eva Hamšíková, Martina Saláková, Jana Šmahelová

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S40-S41  

The aim of the study is to identify the risk factors and prognostic factors and to test whether the HPV presence is an independent factor of survival. 86 patients with oral/oropharyngeal cancer and 75 controls were enrolled. HPV DNA detection and typing was performed by PCR and reverse line blot hybridization. Risk factors and clinical data were analyzed together with the presence of HR HPV in the tissue. The exposure to tobacco and alcohol were the most significant risk factors. HPV DNA was detected in 61.6 pc of tumour tissue samples. The prevalence of HPV DNA was lower in oral than in oropharyngeal tumours, and higher in never smokers and never...

HPV and Bladder Cancer: A New Challenge for the Urological Research

Tommaso Cai, Sandra Mazzoli, Riccardo Bartoletti

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S43  

Background: Infections with high-risk HPV types (HR-HPV), such as 16, 18 and 33, have been demonstrated in a high percentage of patients with several cancers. Moreover, HR-HPV infection has also been confirmed in urothelial cell carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder.Objectives: To establish the pathogenetic role of HR-HPV in UC development and progression.Materials and Methods: A series of 78 patients affected by histopathologically demonstrated UC were enrolled in the present study. From all patients, a sample of morning spontaneous voided urine was collected by using a sterile method and before surgery, in order to evaluate the presence of...

Human Papillomavirus Infection in Cervical Abnormality in Northeast Thailand

Wannapa Settheetham, Pissamai Yuenyao, Churairat Kularbkaew, Takafumi Ishida

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S43  

Materials and Methods: Case-control studies on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection were done in patients with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and squamous cell cervical cancer (SCCA) in Northeastern Thailand.Results: Prevalence of high-risk group of HPV (-16,-18,-31,33,-35,-52b, and -58) infection was 13.0-18.1% in controls, 32.6% in low SIL (LSIL), 80.0% in high SIL (HSIL) and 86.7% in SCCA. HPV infection significantly increased risk for overall SIL 6.8-fold (p<0.001), and also increased the risk for transition from LSIL to HSIL 8.3-fold (p<0.001) resulting in the risk for HSIL as high as 18.1-fold (p<0.001). High risk...

Prognostics Relevance of the Detection of HPV High Risk DNA Types 16, 18 and 45 Using the Qiagen HPV 16/18/45 Probe Set in HPV High Risk Positive Specimens: First Results

Sven Tiews, Winfried Steinberg, Wladimir Schneider, Christoph Hanrath, Annette Schüttert, Mechthild Bause

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S43-S44  

Background: Although today HPV-infection is accepted to be one of the major risk factors and additionally is fairly common amongst younger women, generally the related abnormal and precancerous cervical lesions are successfully suppressed by the T-cell system. Yet, persistent infections with high risk HPV DNA types are associated with the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and might cause a progression to invasive cervical cancer. Objectives: Cervical smears that were positive with the HC2 high risk test were retested with the Probe Set that detects the high risk HPV types 16, 18 and 45. Cytological results will be correlated with...

New High-Throughput Method for Oncogenic Human Papilloma Viruses Genotyping by Multiplex Fluorescent PCR (f-HVP Typing) in 4051 Cervical Samples

Paz Cañadas, Vincenzo Cirigliano, Elena Ordoñez, Maijo Ejarque, Gianfranco Voglino

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S44  

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been well established as etiological agent of cervical cancers. Introduction of HPV genotyping either in cervical screening programs or for monitoring the effectiveness of HPV vaccination, requires access to fast, simple and high-throughput technology.Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate a new multiplex fluorescent PCR method for HPV detection and typing assessing high risk HPV frequency and relationship with cytological and histological data.Materials and Methods: Cervical specimens were collected from 4,051 Italian women (15-65 years aged ) with abnormal cytological smears and were...

HPV Infections among Adolescent Population and High School Rock Concerts for Education of Human Papillomaviruses

Dubravko Lepušić

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S44  

Background: HPV is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases in the world. Behaviours particularly relevant to HPV transmission are: early age of sexual debut, poor contraceptive/condom use, multiple sexual partners, certain sexual practices and the use of substances such as alcohol and drugs.Objectives: In period from 2000 to 2006 a survey was conducted on a sample of 380 adolescent and young girls in the Zagreb area and 190 girls in Jastrebarsko.The purpose of the survey was to indicate the difference in HPV types among urban and rural adolescent and young women population. The hypothesis was that HPV infection risk is higher in...

Combined HPV Genotyping and Cell-Based E6, E7 mRNA (HPV OncoTect) Detection in Cervical Cytology Specimens Performed on a Molecular Hybrid Platform (MoHP) Maximizes Sensitivity and Positive Predictive Value

Gerald Coquillard, Bruce K. Patterson

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S44-S45  

Background: Current cervical cancer screening relies on cervical cytologic diagnosis combined with high risk HPV DNA (HR HPV) detection. This screening algorithm identifies women at risk for developing cervical cancer with high sensitivity and high negative predictive value. The positive predictive value (PPV) of HR HPV DNA detection for biopsy proven pre-cancerous lesions, however, is low (15%-25%).Objectives: In this study, we sought to combine HPV tests with high sensitivity and high positive predictive value to develop a cervical cancer screening test bundle with optimal clinical performance that can be run on the same compact instrument.Materials...

Evaluation of 16,18,45 HPV DNA Probe - Comparison with Cervical Cytology and Follow-up

Danijela Vrdoljak-Mozetić, Vanja Kaliterna, Snježana Štemberger-Papić, Damjana Verša-Ostojić, Renato Rešetar, Maja Krašević, Alemka Brnčić-Fischer, Herman Haller

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S45  

Objective: Comparison of 16, 18, 45 HPV DNA probe results with cervical cytology findings and evaluation according to followup cytology or/and histology findings.Materials and Methods: 16,18,45 HPV DNA probe was done as an additional test using the Hybrid capture 2 test kit (Digene, USA) in previously high risk HPV DNA positive patients. Conventional cervical cytology samples were taken shortly prior or at the same time as HPV test, while histology diagnoses were done on biopsy, LLETZ or conisation samples. Follow up period was 6 to 12 months. Results: Out of 224 high risk HPV positive samples, 113 (50,4%) were 16, 18, 45 HPV positive and 111 (49,6%)...

HPV Infection in Mothers of Children with Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis

Natalia Babkina, Iouri Soldatski, Larissa Seidmann, Ekaterina Borovkova, Herbert Pfister, Valentin Gerein

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S45  

Objectives: The purpose was to determine a prevalence of genital HPV infection and associated lesions in mothers of patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and to investigate the relation between mother's gynecological history and the local status of her child with RRP.Materials and Methods: Twenty-five mothers of patients with RRP in a German group (mean age 38.9 ± 11.7) and 23 mothers in a Russian group (mean age 29.3 ± 7.2) were accepted for a present study and followed for the mean of 16.7 ± 0.3 and 0.86 ± 0.2 years, respectively. The work-up included a speculum exam, Pap smears, cervical biopsy...

Comparison of Clinical Potential of Vaccine-Related Types (16-18) and Other HR-HPV Types in Follow-up of Women with Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Uterine Cervix

Carmine Carriero, Valentina Lezzi, Tiziana Mancini, Maria Chironna, Michele Quarto, Giuseppe Putignano

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S45-S46  

Background: Since the introduction of prophylactic HPV vaccines, the issue of prevalence and malignant potential of different high risk-HPV types (in particular 16 and 18) becomes really relevant. Material and Methods: In our Colposcopy clinic a database of patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions of the lower genital tract includes all clinical data, collected in controls during follow-up, together with HPV-DNA type definition. We divided all patients eligible for the study (186) in two cohorts, according to the presence of HPV 16 or 18 DNA-type ("16-18" group) or the presence of other HR-HPV DNA types ("Others" group). The population included...

Exposure of HPV31b Infected Keratinocytes to Cigarette Smoke Carcinogen Benzo[a]pyrene Results in Alteration of Host Cell Cycle Profile and Viral Life Cycle

Samina Alam, Brian S. Bowser, Michael J. Conway, Horng-Shen Chen, Craig Meyers

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S46  

Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that cigarette smoke carcinogens are cofactors which synergize with Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) to increase the risk of cervical cancer progression. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a major carcinogen in cigarette smoke, is detected in the cervical mucus, and may interact with HPV.Materials and Methods: We generated raft cultures using a HPV31-infected cell line and treated them with increasing concentrations of BaP, a well characterized cigarette smoke carcinogen.Results: High concentrations of BaP treatment were cytotoxic to HPV31-infected raft cultures but not to primary raft cultures generated using human...

DNA HR HPV in Cervical Cancer Tissue, in Sentinel and Other Pelvic Lymph Nodes - A Correlation with Histopathological and Imunohistochemical Results

Jiří Sláma, David Cibula, Marcela Dražďáková, Daniela Fischerová, Pavel Dundr, Michal Zikán, Pavel Freitag

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S46  

Background: Metastatic affection of pelvic lymph nodes is the most important prognostic parameter in early stages cervical cancer. Still, serious number of patients with negative pelvic nodes experience recurrence, majority of them are local in pelvis. High frequency positivity of DNA of the most common high risk (HR) genotypes HPV-16 and 18 was shown in histopathology-negative pelvic nodes, and is considered as subclinical metastatic spread. Limited data are available concerning presence of different HR genotypes and correlation between HR HPV DNA in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN), other pelvic nodes and the primary tumor. Prognostic significance of such...

Does the Easy-To-Make Penile Lesions Detection Test Help Us in Routine Diagnosis of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types (HR HPV) in Men?

Vitaly Smelov, Galina Vedeneeva, Maria Selkova, Servaas A. Morre

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S46-S47  

Background: It has been suggested that flat penile lesions (FPL) form the reservoir of hr HPV in men and might contribute to the viral spread. The implementation of an easy-to-make hr HPV diagnostic test into the routine patients examination would improve the hr HPV diagnosis, knowledge for its prevalence in men and male-female transmission, develop strategies for its prevention (i.e., the HPV vaccine usefulness in men).Objectives: The goal of the study was to investigate the presence of HR HPV infection in FPL in the male Russian Caucasians. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 men, mean age 31.6 (17-52) years were enrolled in the study (no STIs...

Effect of HPV on Treatment Outcome and Survival in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma - a Subgroup Analysis of the Randomized DAHANCA 5&7 Trials

Pernille Lassen, Jesper G. Eriksen, Trine Tramm, Jan Alsner, Stephen H. Dutoit, Jens Overgaard

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S47  

Objectives: To demonstrate the correlation between p16 overexpression and HPV in oropharyngeal carcinoma and to evaluate the prognostic impact of p16 status in a prospectively analyzed cohort of Danish oropharyngeal cancer patients.Materials and Methods: 32 tonsillar carcinomas were arranged in a Tissue Micro Array and evaluated by IHC for p16 overexpression. HPV-16 DNA detection was done by in situ hybridization. Between 1986 and 1999 The Danish Head and Neck Cancer group conducted the DAHANCA 5&7 randomized trials. In the present study 335 pre-treatment oropharyngeal tumour blocks from patients enrolled in these trials were evaluated by IHC...

Is HPV Vaccination Cost-Effective in the Dutch Situation?

Inge M. C. M. de Kok, Marjolein van Ballegooijen, Dik J. D. F. Habbema

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S47  

Background: Until now, all published cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) of HPV-vaccination conclude that vaccination is expected to be cost-effective. However, the answer depends on how well cervical screening performs: in countries with a high quality screening program, like the Netherlands, incidence and mortality is low, which implies low maximum effects for HPV vaccination.Material and Methods: We performed a CEA and focused on the cost-effectiveness (CE) of adding vaccination to the current screening situation in the Netherlands. We considered the effects and costs incremental to that current situation. As a threshold, we used the incremental...

Native Versus Synthetic Papillomavirus Particles

Michael J. Conway, Horng-Shen Chen, Richard B. Roden, Timothy Culp, Neil D. Christensen, Craig Meyers

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S47-S48  

Background: Many laboratories have developed numerous and variable systems for the creation of synthetic papillomavirus particles. These include virus-like particles (VLP), self-assembled particle made from the L1 capsid protein alone or from the L1 and L2 capsid proteins; pseudoviruses, particles (L1 alone or L1 and L2) that self-assemble around DNA that is present in the system used; and quasiviruses created in a 293T cell culture system that can incorporate any DNA that is present in the 293T cells during assembly of the capsid proteins.Material and Methods: The particles made in these various systems have been used for numerous studies including:...

Conjunctive Use of the Cervatec p16 ELISA Significantly Increases the Sensitivity for Detection of CIN2+ Over Conventional Pap Cytology Alone - Results from a Prospective Screening Trial

K. Ulrich Petry, Petra Klement, Ruediger Ridder

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S48  

Background: Over-expression of p16 protein has been shown to represent a useful biomarker for high-risk HPV-related dysplastic and malignant lesions of the cervix uteri, both in the evaluation of immunochemically stained cervical histology and cytology. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of an ELISA-based p16 immunoassay applied on lysed cervical specimens to increase the sensitivity for the detection of high-grade CIN (CIN2+) in a screened population when used in conjunction with conventional Pap cytology testing.Materials and Methods: A total of 7,667 women aged 18 to 35 undergoing routine Pap cytology screening...

HPV E6, E7 mRNA Expression in Ectocervical Cells (HPV OncoTect) Predicts Disease Progression in Women with Low Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia (LSIL)

Francisco Alameda, Bibiana Palao

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S48  

Background: Current cervical cancer screening relies on cytologic diagnosis combined with HPV DNA detection. This screening algorithm identifies women at risk for developing cervical cancer but does not provide any information on which women with low grade lesions (LSIL) will progress.Objectives: To address this important deficiency in cervical cancer screening, we prospectively followed women with a cytologic diagnosis of LSIL.Materials and Methods: Serial samples were frozen in ThinPrep PreservCyt medium at -80 oC until analysis. Study subjects were divided into Progressors (n=11) and Non-progressors (n=9) and samples were analyzed at baseline...

High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Screened on 1,686 Italian Patients: Epidemiological, Clinical and Vaccinal Implications

Sandra Mazzoli, Tommaso Cai, Riccardo Bartoletti

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S48-S49  

Background: The HPV infection is a very common sexually transmitted disease. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention recommended vaccination routinely for girls aged 11 or 12. At present, however, vaccination for boys has not yet been approved. The role of male HPV infection in increasing risk of partner cervical cancer is well established as well as the fact that male circumcision is associated with a reduced risk of genital HPV infection in men.Materials and Methods: From January 2006 to August 2007, 1,686 young patients, 560 female and 1,126 male (mean age 34.6 years), attending our...

A Comparison of Performance Parameters for Cervical Cancer Screening in European Countries

Guglielmo Ronco, Pamela Giubilato, Ahti Anttila

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S49  

Background: Monitoring cervical screening is recommended by the recently published European Guidelines for quality assurance in cervical cancer screening, in order to improve quality and reduce undesired effects.Materials and Methods: We collected from European national or regional screening programmes the standardised tables of aggregated data and computed the key performance indicators reported in such Guidelines.Results: The proportion of national female population included in the target population of population-based organised screening programmes was 100% in 10 countries and 69% in one, while in 5 other countries only regional programmes,...

Cytological Research of Thoracic Duct Lymph in Patients with Cancer of Stomach

Kamil F. Abdurahmanov

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S51  

Materials and Methods: Drainage of thoracic duct was made in 76 patients on the eve of surgical operation for cancer of stomach by the methodology which was adopted in our clinic. To detect cancer cells lymph examination was performed after cathetrization of the thoracic duct.Separate portions of lymph were examined first before lancing of abdominal cavity, during manipulation on stomach which was target affected by tumor, during its excision and during the process of lymphosorbtion.Results: There were no elements of tumor found during examination of lymph taken before lancing of abdominal cavity. Cancer cells, which were pathomorphologically...

Antibodies to HPV Capsids in Sexual Workers and Controls in the Czech Republic

Eva Hamšíková, Viera Ludvíková, Ruth Tachezy

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S51  

Background: Although more than 70% of sexually active people are infected during their lifetime with one or more HPV types, the prevalence of anti-HPV antibodies in women without cytological abnormalities does not exceed 40%. The HPV infection is gained early after the onset of sexual life. However, little is known about the antiHPV antibody profile in populations with various risky behaviors. Objectives: Comparison of the normal population represented by healthy women with the high risk group of sexual workers can bring important information especially in the current HPV vaccination era.Materials and Methods: The prevalence of anti-capsid antibodies...

High-Risk HPV Genotypic Spectrum in Korean Commercial Sex Workers

Byeong-Sun Choi, Sang-Kee Min, Hyuk Chu, Seong-Joon Kim, Sung Soon Kim

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S51-S52  

Background: The endemic HPV-genotype spectrum was very different according to the geographical regions and the epidemiological groups.Objectives: We investigated the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes for commercial sex workers to make the road map for introducing the developed HPV vaccines into our country. Materials and Methods: 1,077 women engaging in sexually high-risk occupations were enrolled in this study. The distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes was investigated with HPV DNA chips developed by Biomedlab and MyGene Inc.Results: The prevalence of HPV infection and high-risk HPV genotype in Korean commercial sex workers was...

Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection and Distribution of Different HPV Genotypes in Women from Zagreb Region, Croatia

Tatjana Marijan, Jasmina Vranes

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S52  

Background: Persistent infection with high risk HPV (hr HPV) genotypes is recognised as primary risk for development of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HR HPV infection in women from Zagreb region and to evaluate the distribution of different HPV genotypes according to patients' age and grade of cytological abnormality.Materials and Methods: From November 2005 to November 2007 a total of 7,445 cervical samples from cytologically selected women were received and tested for 13 HR HPV genotypes by AMPLICOR HPV Test (Roche Molecular Systems). Randomly selected 140 cervical...

The Prevalence of HPV Genotypes in Different Lesions Distinguished by Colposcopy

Florinel Pop, Ana H. Karimzadeh, Cristina Negoita, Catalin I. Cocosila

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S52  

Materials and Methods: The study was made on 450 female patients with unspecifical inflammatory symptomatology for whom we have made colposcopic exam and HPV detection/genotyping. Results: We found the subsequent types of lesions:- clean cervix ( 40 cases from which 9 HPV+),- simple ectopia (22 cases from which 3 HPV +),- ectopia with evolution reshuffling (48 cases from which 14 HPV+),- ectopia with stabilized reshuffling (36 cases from which 10 HPV+),- abnormal white tissue (86 cases from which 38 HPV+), - mosaic tissue (154 cases from which 36 HPV+),- spotted tissue (9 cases from which 5 HPV+),- leucoplasia (4 cases from...

HPV-16 DNA Viral Load Is a Strong Marker to Predict the Development of Cervical Cancer in Korean Women

Jee Eun Rhee, Dai Ho Jang, Byeong-Sun Choi, Sam Hyun Cho, Sung Soon Kim

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S52  

Background: In human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated carcinogenesis, HPV-16 DNA viral loads may play an important role in the progression of cervical cancer.Objectives: This study investigated HPV-16 DNA viral load as well as epidemiological factors which could be a surrogate marker for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer in Korean women.Materials and Methods: Sixty-five HPV-infected women from Hanyang University were enrolled in this study. There were 21 cases with abnormal cytology (no CIN), 5 cases with low-grade CIN (CIN1), 3 cases with high-grade CIN (CIN2/3), and 36 cases with cervical cancer. HPV-16...

Mastomys coucha: A Natural Animal Model for Papillomavirus-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis

Frank Rösl, Kai Schäfer, Julia Nafz

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S53  

Background: Epidemiological and molecular studies suggest a causal involvement of infections with cutaneous HPV types in skin carcinogenesis, notably in immunosuppressed or genetically predisposed patients. The high incidence for multiple wart formation and skin cancer in these individuals requires an appropriate animal model system to investigate latent papillomavirus reactivation as well as the development of a vaccine to apply prior to immune suppression. Methods: The rodent Mastomys coucha is latently infected with Mastomys natalensis papilloma virus (MnPV). These animals are unique in spontaneously developing multiple benign skin tumors such as...

Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in Czech Women and Men with Diseases Etiologically Linked with HPV

Ruth Tachezy, Jana Šmahelová, Martina Saláková, Lukáš Rob, Petr Škapa, Jan Klozar, Tomáš Jirásek, Michal Urban, Eva Hamšíková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S53  

Background: The HPV type distribution is the most crucial parameter for estimation of the impact of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccines on incidence of diseases etiologically linked with HPV. Objectives: Recently meta-analyses of HPV type distribution worldwide have been published but data from the Czech Republic were not included.Materials and Methods: Samples of squamose cell carcinomas from different anatomical locations (N=297) as well as samples of precancerous lesions (N=719) available in the bank of the National Reference Laboratory for Papillomaviruses in Prague were included. In this study samples of cancers from following locations...

HPVDNA Typing Study in ASCUS: Some Considerations on Age Groups (Preliminary Notes by the Program of Excellence in Research of Romanian Ministry of Education and Research)

Ana C. Anton, Demetra G. Socolov, Gabriela Anton, Sergiu Teleman, Alina Melinte, Camelia C. Cojocaru

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S53-S54  

Objectives: To individualize a follow-up methodology for ASCUS Pap-tests in relationship with the viral type and age groups of patients.Materials and Methods: HPV DNA typing by PCR for women with the cervical lesions, Pap-test: conventional, LBC in last six months. From 175 cases with HPV DNA typing, 41 have been confirmed as ASCUS and 4 cases as ASC-H. We have divided patients in 3 age groups: between 20-30 years old (13 cases), between 31-40 years old (22 cases), over 40 years old (10 cases).Results: HPV DNA typing (PCR) = 20 negative results, one type of HPV - 15 cases, multiple viral types - 10 cases: 2 types: 3 women; 3 types: 6 women;...

HPV Testing : Correlations of Molecular Biology Methods, Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry

Lenka Ceganová, David Konvalinka, Jana Dvořáčková, Martin Cegan, Magdalena Uvírová, Jan Nieslaník, Eva Hošková, Jarmila Šustíková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S54  

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a common, sexually transmitted infection. Both women and men are rapidly exposed to the virus after the onset of sexual intercourse. The risk of infection is bold increased by the number and risk behavior of sexual partners. Relation of HPV high risk subtypes infection (mainly 16, 18, 33, 35, 39, 45, 56 and 58) and cervical dysplasia or cervical carcinoma is commonly accepted. In time when a vaccination against HPV high risk subtype is possible, the testing of the infection presence may be well founded.Objectives: Our work is targeted to comparison of four different methods to HPV testing: molecular...

Analytical Performance Characteristics of the CE-Marked Invader® HPV HR Molecular Assay

Stephen P. Day, Neil Quigley, Denise I. Quigley, Belinda Yen-Lieberman, Marilyn Olson

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S54  

Background: The Invader® HPV HR Molecular Assay is an isothermal signal amplification technology designed to detect highrisk (HR) HPV types in cervical cytology samples. This assay also utilizes an internal control, the human histone 2 gene (HIST2H2BE) to assure sample sufficiency. Studies were undertaken to determine the analytical sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of this assay in detecting 14 HR HPV types associated with cervical cancer. Methods: DNA extraction was performed using the Agencourt® GENfind™ v.1 kit. Analytical sensitivity was determined by testing dilutions of purified HPV DNAs of known copy number. Cross-reactivity...

HPV mRNA Detection in Liquid Based Cytology Specimens Stored up to Three Years at Room Temperature with the APTIMA® HPV Assay

Andreas Clad, Miriam Reuschenbach, Janina Rahmsdorf, Janel Dockter, Astrid Schroder, Cristina Giachetti, Magnus von Knebel-Döberitz

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S54  

Background: The APTIMA HPV Assay (AHPV, Gen-Probe Incorporated) is a qualitative nucleic acid test designed to detect the E6/E7 mRNA of 14 high-risk HPV types in liquid based cytology (LBC) specimens. In this study, the performance of the assay was evaluated in a set of Cytyc LBC specimens stored for up to 3 years at room temperature and the results compared to histology.Materials and Methods: More than 400 clinical specimens were collected from patients with abnormal cytology over the course of more than 2 years (Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Freiburg). Cytology, both conventional and liquid based, as well as histology results were evaluated. Subsequently,...

Evaluation of APTIMA® HPV Assay Performance with Specimens Collected in an Alternative Specimen Transport Media

Janel Dockter, Astrid Schroder, Leah Bode, Liezel Morales, Cristina Giachetti

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S55  

Background: The APTIMA HPV Assay (AHPV) is a qualitative nucleic acid test designed to detect the E6/E7 mRNA of 14 high-risk HPV types in liquid based cytology (LBC) specimens. In this study the performance of the assay was evaluated in specimens collected in Digene Specimen Transport Media (DG-STM).Objectives: A method for processing DG-STM specimens compatible with the AHPV assay was developed. Its analytical sensitivity, as compared to LBC, was evaluated using HPV in vitro transcripts and HPV infected SiHa cells.Materials and Methods: To evaluate clinical performance, DGSTM specimens (n=483), collected primarily from patients undergoing...

Quantification of Intracellular HPV E6/E7 mRNA Expression Increases the Positive Predictive Value of Cervical Cancer Screening

J. A. Lopez G-Asenjo, Bruce K. Patterson

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S55  

Background: Current methods for HPV screening rely on the detection of L1 DNA from high risk genotypes (HR HPV). These assays have very high negative predictive values (~99%) and as such have been used to triage women to longer screening intervals. The literature has shown that the positive predictive value for pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions is less than 50% for HPV DNA screening. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to combine HPV DNA screening with HPV E6, E7 mRNA detection in an effort to improve the overall performance of cervical cancer screening while potentially reducing the number of women requiring colposcopy.Materials and Methods:...

Flow Cytometry in Rapid Screening for E6/E7 mRNA Detection

Aris T. Spathis, Aikaterini Chranioti, Maria Alepaki, Stamatina Diamantopoulou, John Georgoulakis, Sotiris Tsiodras, Dimitris Kassanos, Petros Karakitsos

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S55  

Background: For the development of cervical cancer, apart from the simple presence of HPV, the viral oncoproteins E6/E7 have to be over-produced.Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate two different techniques for E6/E7 HPV mRNA detection.Materials and Methods: 44 cervical samples in PreserveCyt vials were typed for HPV DNA with ClinicalArrays HPV (Genomica, Spain). Flow cytometric evaluation of E6/E7 mRNA of high risk HPV types was performed with HPV OncoTect (Invirion Diagnostics, USA). Endocervical cells were gated according to their FSC-SSC parameters and the cut-off was set at 1,5%. NucliSENS EasyQ® HPV (BioMerieux, France)...

HPV Detection and Genotyping by Microarray Technology: High Frequency of Multiple HPV Types in Cervical Samples from Danish Women

Nina Mejlhede, Jesper Bonde, Anders Fomsgaard

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S55-S56  

Materials and Methods: We have analysed cervical samples from 2,236 Danish women including 123 women with moderate to highgrade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions. HPV DNA detection was performed by microarray technology (Clinical Arrays® HPV, Genomica, Spain) that allows for easy detection and simultaneously genotyping of multiple HPV types.Results: 1,087 samples were positive for HPV of which approximately 50% were positive for two or more genotypes of HPV. Women under 30 years of age were more often infected with multiple types than older women, and certain types were more frequently found in women of younger age. We present the variation...

The Study of the Most Frequent HPV Genotypes in CIN Lesions with the Aim to Propose the Most Suitable Vaccine against HPV in Romania

Radu S. Mociulschi, Niculina Coman, Gabriela Dinca, Georgeta Sarbu

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S56  

Objectives: 1. to determine the incidence of HPV infection by PCR and genotyping, 2. to determine the most frequent genotypes of HPV in Romania in CIN lesions for the next strategy of vaccination of the population (women or men).Materials and Methods: Between 2005 and 2007 we investigated 1,200 women for the presence of HPV by means of LIPA method which can now detect sixteen HPV genotypes in single or multiple infections by PCR and hybridizations on strip.Results: In our study the HPV prevalence was 73%. In HPV positive group 46% were single HPV infections, 41% were multiple infections and 13% were undetectable. Most frequent were HPV-HR genotypes...

Efficiency of the New INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra Compared with Linear Arrays HPV for HPV Genotyping in Cervical Cell Specimens

Fatima Galan-Sanchez, Maite Hernandez-Menendez, Maria de los Angeles Rios-Hernandez, Manuel A. Rodriguez-Iglesias

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S56  

Background: Different tests for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening are commercially available, detecting high-risk oncogenic HPV types with a pool of genotype-specific probes.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare two commercial methods for HPV genotyping: Linear Arrays HPV genotyping test (Roche), capable of detecting and genotyping 37 different HPV types simultaneously, and the new INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra (Innogenetics), that detects 28 genotypes, including now HPV-26 (considered probable high-risk genotype) and HPV-82 (considered high-risk genotype), that were not included in the previous version. Both methods also include...

Evaluation of Tampon as a Suitable Self Sampling Device for Detection of HPV mRNA from Cervical Cells - A Preliminary Report

Runi Rogers, Greta Dreyer

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S56-S57  

Background: In low resource settings screening by cervical cytology is often not implemented. This failure of cytological screening in the less developed world is partly due to the logistical problems inherently part of any "speculum collected specimen" program. It is hoped that HPV detection on self-collected specimens which does not demand the use of speculums, will become a valuable primary screening test in both developed and developing countries. Self-collection of samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is also a feasible alternative method for women who decline to participate in population based cervical cancer screening programs. Objectives:...

Potential Application of High Resolution Melting Analysis in HPV Variants Determination

Ivan Sabol, Maja Cretnik, Magdalena Grce

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S57  

Background: Nowadays more than 100 HPV types are well characterized. Of about 40 mucosal (genital) types approximately 15 are classified as high-risk (HR), which are the necessary etiological factor of cervical cancer. Accumulating epidemiological data also suggests that viral genome "variants", which diverge by about 2% within a given type and which differ geographically, could contribute to the carcinogenic potential of specific HR HPV types presumably by altering its transforming properties and/or immunogenicity. Most of the studies on HPV-16 variability were concerned with E6 and E7 regions that encode for well known HPV oncogenes. Such studies...

HPV Genotype Distribution in Patients with HGSIL Cytology

Demetra G. Socolov, Ana C. Anton, Gabriela Anton, Razvan Socolov, Alina Melinte, Anca Botezatu, Sergiu Teleman

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S57  

Background: Romania occupies the first place for the mortality by cervical cancer in Europe.Objectives: Our study aims to evaluate the prevalence of HPV genotypes in cases with high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) cytology, in the North East Romania, a region with early age of first intercourse and high natality.Material and Methods: 34 patients (median age 37) with HGSIL were investigated by cytology, colposcopy, HPV genotyping and biopsy (LLETZ, conisation). HPV presence was confirmed by INNO-LIPA assay, a technique that allows the detection/genotyping of 17 HPV genotypes. We analyzed the association between the pathological...

Performance Characteristics of the APTIMA® HPV Assay for Detection of High Risk HPV Types in SurePath Liquid-Based Cervical Cytology Specimens

Alexandra Valsamakis, Craig Howard, Christine Tilley

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S57-S58  

Background: Testing for high risk HPV in cervical specimens is useful for determining the need for follow-up in women with ASCUS cytology on Pap smear and for identifying women >30 years who can safely defer Pap smears to 3-year intervals. Collection of cervical specimens in liquid-based media (LBC) followed by automated slide preparation and staining has become routine for Pap smears in the U.S. The APTIMA HPV assay (AHPV, Gen-Probe Incorporated) is a new assay designed to detect high risk HPV mRNAs in PreservCyt LBC specimens (Cytyc Corporation).Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the performance of AHPV in SurePath (Becton...

Relation of the Pattern of p16INK4a Expression to the Grade of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Natalia Babkina, Larissa Seidmann, Irina Korotkikh, Wiltrud Coerdt, Valentin Gerein

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S58  

Background: The purpose of our study was to determine whether the picture of immunohistochemical expression of p16INK4a is related to the grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and HPV status.Materials and Methods: 44 women with histologically confirmed CIN (mean age 31.1 ± 6.1): 18 patients with CIN 1, 14 with CIN 2, 12 with CIN 3 and 12 women with benign cervical lesions such as hyperkeratosis and glandular papillary metaplasia (mean age 32.4 ± 6.0) were accepted for a present study. Of 44 patients with CIN, 28 were treated with LEEP, 16 were followed with regular Pap smears and colposcopic exams. Thirty-two biopsy specimens:...

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Profiles of Vulvar Lesions: Possible Implications for the Classification of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Precursors and for the Efficacy of Prophylactic HPV Vaccination

Petr Škapa, Josef Zámečník, Eva Hamšíková, Martina Saláková, Jana Šmahelová, Kristýna Jandová, Helena Robová, Lukáš Rob, Ruth Tachezy

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S58  

Background: The term vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) was introduced by the International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease (ISSVD) in 1986 and incorporates three grades of usual VIN (u-VIN I-III) and the differentiated VIN (d-VIN). While u-VIN is associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, d-VIN belongs to the HPV negative pathway of vulvar carcinogenesis. In the revised ISSVD 2004 classification, the u‑VIN I category was abandoned and u-VIN II and III were merged. Further, an alternative Bethesda-like terminology presenting the term vulvar intraepithelial lesion (VIL) was proposed. To analyze the validity of...

Recurrence of Paranasal Sinuses and Middle Ear Papillomatosis - Case Report and Histo-clinical Analysis

Tatiana Gierek, Jaroslaw Paluch, Jaroslaw Markowski, Maciej Kajor

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S58-S59  

Background: Papillomas in mucous membranes are considered pre-neoplastic condition, where the HPV virus is responsible for its aetiology. HPV virus was discovered in the early 1970s, it is a DNA virus having the size of 52-55 nm, while its family comprises some 100 genotypes. A sub-group of oncogenetic viruses is made up of: HPV-16, -18, -21. The results of epidemiological studies indicate some 20% risk of occurrence of neoplasm in case of stated local HPV viremia.Objectives: Case report.Results: The patient admitted to the Clinic due to unilateral purulent and bloody rhinorrhoea on the left side. On otolaryngological examination a lively red...

Trends in Epidemiology of Head and Neck Cancer in the Czech Population

Eliška Mudrová, Jan Klozar, Martina Saláková, Jana Šmahelová, Ruth Tachezy

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S59  

Background: The most important causative factors of head and neck cancers are smoking and alcohol use. New data suggest that infection of high risk types of HPV (HR HPV) is an independent risk factor for oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma. In the Czech Republic the incidence of oral/oropharyngeal cancer has increased steadily in recent years.Objectives: The aim of this study was to show the relationship between trends of alcohol and tobacco consumption and incidence of different locations of oral/oropharyngeal tumours in relation to HPV prevalence in different locations. We try to find epidemiological evidence that the increase in oral/oropharyngeal...

Modelling the Clinical Impact of Cross-Protection Levels in Cervical Cancer Vaccines in Poland

Georges Van Kriekinge, Anna Krzyzanowska, Andrzej Nowakowski, Nadia Demarteau

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S59  

Background and Aim: Two vaccines against cervical cancer are now available with proven efficacy against different HPV-types. Preliminary evidence of non-vaccine HPV-type cross-protection has been shown. One vaccine is formulated with an innovative AS04 adjuvant, specifically reporting protection against HPV-45. Using a mathematical model we aimed to understand the extent to which different levels of cross-protection could have an effect on clinical outcomes.Methods: A lifetime Markov model replicating the natural history of HPV infection and cervical cancer within current treatment practice was developed with the following health states: Normal,...

Activity and Distribution of Cells Infiltrating TC-1 Tumours after Chemotherapy and Subsequent IL-12 Immunotherapy

Marie Indrová, Elzbieta Pajtasz-Piasecka, Joanna Rossowska, Jana Bieblová, Milan Reiniš

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S59-S60  

Methods: Moderately immunogenic HPV-16-associated TC-1 tumour mimicking human HPV-16-associated neoplasms was used to examine the effect of local interleukin-12 gene therapy with a genetically modified tumour cell vaccine for the treatment of minimal residual tumour disease, obtained after cytoreductive chemotherapy (CMRTD) with ifosfamide derivative CBM-4A, on the distribution and activity of tumour-infiltrating cells.Results: After chemotherapy, histological and immunohistological examinations showed a decrease or disappearance of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as macrophages. The administration of the vaccine led to the abundance of macrophages...

Different Effects of Endostatin Expression on the Oncogenicity of Two Mice HPV-16 Transformed Cell Lines

Monika Lakatošová, Vladimír Vonka, Martina Dušková, Vincent Lučanský

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S60  

Background: Endostatin is one of the most efficient and most widely studied anti-angiogenetic factors. By downregulating of neoangiogenesis it strongly suppresses tumour growth without any significant side effects.Materials and Methods: In the present series of experiments we introduced the endostatin gene into two mouse (C57BL/6) HPV-16-transformed cell lines, namely the TC-1 and MK16/1/III/ ABC (MK16) cells. Both these cell lines were originally obtained after transfection of lung cells (TC-1) or kidney cells (MK16) with E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV-16 and activated with Ha-ras oncogenes. They differ in a number of properties including the degree...

Enhancement of T Cell-Mediated and Humoral Immunity of Beta-Glucuronidase-Based DNA Vaccines against HPV-16 E7 Oncoprotein

Michal Šmahel, Ingrid Poláková, Dana Pokorná, Viera Ludvíková, Martina Dušková, Josef Vlasák

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S60  

Background: Therapeutic DNA vaccines against oncogenic infection with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) are mostly targeted against viral oncoproteins E7 and E6. To adapt the E7 oncoprotein for DNA immunization, we have previously reduced its oncogenicity by modification of the Rb-binding site and enhanced immunogenicity of the modified E7GGG gene by its fusion with the 5' terminus of the gene encoding E. coli ß-glucuronidase (GUS) generating E7GGG. GUS. In this study, we attempted to improve immunogenicity of the GUS-based anti-E7 vaccines by increasing the steady-state level of fusion proteins.Materials and Methods: We fused deletion mutants...

HPV Type Distribution and Seroprevalence of HPV-Specific Antibodies in Vaccinated Women in the Czech Republic

Ruth Tachezy, Jana Šmahelová, Viera Ludvíková, Martina Saláková, Eva Hamšíková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S60  

Objectives: Today two commercial prophylactic HPV vaccines have been licensed to prevent de novo HPV-16 and HPV-18 infection. Nowadays numbers of sexually active women are being vaccinated. It has been shown that vaccination of women with incident and/or persistent infection with the vaccine HPV types is less effective or ineffective. This study was proposed to assess the proportion of women at risk of reduction of the vaccine efficacy.Materials and Methods: Women who decided to get the HPV vaccine and had already started the sexual life were enrolled. All women have signed the information consent. The gynecologists provided the cytological results...

Delivery of HPV Antigens Using a Modified HSV-2 Vector: Development of a Combined Vaccine for HPV and HSV-2

Suzanne K. Thomas, Mark Thornton, Paul Bullock, Philip Reay, Irene Sobek, Roy Jennings, Andrew Heath, Colin Love, Robert S. Coffin

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S61  

Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infects antigen-presenting cells very efficiently indicating its potential as an efficient antigen delivery platform for vaccine purposes. HSV encodes various proteins to block a potent immune response. These proteins include ICP47 (blocks MHC loading); vhs (blocks DC activation); ICP34.5 (blocks interferon-mediated responses); US5 (inhibits apoptosis in infected cells); and UL43 (reduces immunogenicity by an unknown means).Materials and Methods: We have produced an HSV-2 vaccine (ImmunoVEXHSV-2) in which these genes are deleted, the first immune evasion function-deleted HSV vaccine candidate to be produced....

Potential Prognostic Significance of Vascular Density and Inflammatory Infiltrate in Cervical Carcinoma

Eugen Ancuta, Laurette G. Cozma, Nicolae Ioanid, Mircea Onofriescu, Marie J. Aldea, Dragos Dragomir, Eugen Carasevici

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S61  

Background: Characteristics of primary solid tumors such as histological grade, tumor size, and regional lymph node status have been used for a long time as prognostic features to identify patients who need adjuvant therapy. Over several years, biologic and molecular tumor characterization has become an important aspect of cancer therapy. Angiogenesis directly affects growth and metastasis of solid tumors.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) and the inflammatory infiltrate in patients after surgery with or without previous radiotherapy. The prognostic values of angiogenesis and inflammatory...

Viral Persistence - Factor of Cervical Lesions Progression

Gabriela Anton, Demetra G. Socolov, Ana C. Anton, Coralia Bleotu, Mariana Anton, Florinel Cornitescu, Sergiu Teleman, Dominic Iliescu, Anca Botezatu, Cristina D. Goia, Adriana Plesa

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S61  

Background: Type-specific DNA/RNA diagnosis is important for disease prognosis and treatment.Objectives: Molecular detection of HPV DNA corroborated with E6/E7 viral mRNA and viral load as a predictive value for disease progression.Materials and Methods: 78 patients over 29 years with ASCUS and LGSIL were selected from a cohort of 352 women enrolled in a study on HPV prevalence in different areas in Romania. HPV typing, viral mRNA levels and viral load were determined in cervical-brush specimens at baseline and in the samples obtained at 6-12 months interval after their cytological/colposcopy examinations. As negative controls, cervical specimens...

Genetic Variability in E6 and E7 Proteins of HPV-81 Circulating in Italy

Anna Rosa Garbuglia, Claudia Minosse, Daniele Lapa, Maria Stefania Zaniratti, Maria Rosaria Capobianchi

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S62  

Background and Aims: HPV types known to infect the genital tract are classified as "Low Risk" (LR) and High Risk" (HR) on the basis of their oncogenic potential, related to E6 and E7 proteins, inactivating p53 and pRB, respectively. Little is known concerning the molecular variants of LR-types with limited diffusion, as most data concern E6 and E7 variants in HPV-16 and -18 and HPV-6 and -11. In the present study we analysed the E6 and E7 genetic variability of HPV-81.Materials and Methods: The E6 and E7 genes were amplified from 6 HPV-81 positive cervical cytobrush by specific primers. PCR products were cloned and sequence analysis was performed....

Detecting HPV L1 Protein Capsid in Cervical Lesions

Ines Krivak Bolanca, Karmela Sentija, Suzana Katalenic Simon

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S62  

Background: Cohort studies have shown that for developing precancerous lesions of uterine cervix HPV infection is crucial. But the main event in the carcinogenesis is not simple detection of infection, but its persistency and viral integration in association with HPV physical status (episomal or integrated).Objectives: Aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of HPV L1 capsid protein in low grade and high grade squamous lesion (LSIL/HSIL) of the uterine cervix using cytoactive method and compare it with findings of p16INK4a protein in HSIL smears. Materials and Methods: Since the June 2007 - December 2007 we analysed cervical smears from...

p63 Value in Cervical Biopsy Tissues

Adriana Plesa, Coralia Bleotu, Cristina D. Goia, Anca Botezatu, Elena Popa, Elena Nistor, Florin Andrei, Gabriela Anton

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S62  

Background: The relationship between HPV infections and disease of the human uterine cervix is well established, ranging from CIN (cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia) to SCC (squamous cell carcinoma). Several studies showed correlation between papillomavirus life cycle and differentiation program of infected host cell, in order to produce mature virions in squamous, differentiated cells. The majority of cervical HPV infections are transient. By contrast, persistent HPV infections are much more likely to progress to premalignant and malignant cervical lesions than transient productive infections. Under these conditions, it is believed that viral persistence...

Human Papillomavirus 16: Evaluation of Viral Load and Integration

Leonor Rosado, Luis Martins, Daniela Cochicho, Alexandra Ming, Mario Cunha, Carmo Ornelas

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S62-S63  

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) natural history studies have revealed that human cancer is a rare consequence of an infection by some mucosa tropic high risk-HPV of this common sexually transmitted infection. HPV integration and persistent infection are critical events in progression to cervical carcinogenesis. Objectives: Study of viral load and integration of HPV-16 in samples with different clinical/pathological status.Materials and Methods: A total of 73 cervical samples infected with HPV-16 were retrospectively evaluated: 8 negative cytology, 4 ASC-H, 16 CIN1, 23 CIN2/3, 13 carcinoma and 9 treated carcinoma. DNA samples were extracted...

KI-67, p53 and p63 Expression in Malignant Cervical Lesions Induced by Human Papillomavirus Infection

Ruxandra Stanculescu, Teodora Vladescu, Florina Vasilescu, Zenaida Ceausu, Mihai Ceausu, Carmen Ardelean, Cristina Tanase

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S63  

Background: More than 99% of cervical cancers are positive for high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The interaction of human papilloma virus oncoproteins E6 and E7 with cell cycle proteins leads to disturbances of the cell cycle mechanism and subsequent alteration in the expression of some proteins, such as p63, p53 and Ki-67. Objectives: In this study, we have compared alterations in the expression of these aforementioned proteins in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with different patterns.Materials and Methods: Twenty-six formalin-fixed parafinembedded samples of infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma selected from thirty Papanicolaou...

The Overall Analysis of HPV and HLA for Chinese Cervical Cancers

Yuping Wu, Qinming Zhang, Benrong Liu

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S63  

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for the development of cervical cancer (CC). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been associated with an increased or decreased risk of developing CC through infection with oncogenic forms of HPV.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the interaction between HPV and HLA for invasive cervical cancer.Materials and Methods: It was found that HPV infection rates were 91.33% in CC, and 26.15% in controls using PCR-SBT method in China.Results: Ten HPV genotypes including HPV-16, -58, -61, -6, -39, -81, -18, -33, -11 and -52 were detected in controls. Among the controls,...

List of acronyms

Cent Eur J Public Health 2008, 16(Supplement):S64